Tom Tessin asked:


Many people have turned to gas credit cards, since these days the price of gasoline constantly fluctuates. The major benefit of gas credit cards is that they assure a definite refund percentage on all gas purchases.

Credit card companies sometimes create gas credit cards that offer a refund from any gasoline station. Some gas stations on the other hand, provide their own cards that offer a refund only at their specific gas station.
Steps To Apply For Gasoline Credit Cards:

Step 1:

First, a person needs to go through all the local gasoline stations along the commuting route and in the neighborhood and then needs to decide where you will purchase gas. This will help an individual to receive significant rewards depending on the credit card choice.

Step 2:

Make it a point to compare among the local gas stations to verify which one constantly charges the lowest possible price. Obtain more details regarding the credit products the company offers after you determine the best deal.

Step 3:

Find out places where you can use your gasoline cards. If a person can make use of the card only at a particular gasoline station, then it is advisable to select a general purpose card rather than going for gasoline credit cards, which are good only at the pump.

Step 4:

Rate the cards. Draw a comparison chart with the late charges, fee schedules, interest rates and other information for every company.

Step 5:

Watch for any additional fees and interest rates. High interest rates or unreasonable fees often accompany cards, since many of them come with reward programs.

Step 6:

Always make it a point to read the fine print concerning your card’s reward programs. There may be restrictions to the amount a person can earn and the credentials your purchases meet to attain gas refunds or any other benefits.

Step 7:

You can also complete the application online by going to the web site of the selected gasoline company.

Issues Of Gasoline Credit Cards:

The biggest beneficiaries of these credit cards are those who make use of gasoline as a component of their daily work. Taxi-drivers or people who drive for a living need to consider applying for these credit cards. With gas likely being their primary expense, these people with the help of such credit cards will be able to save a huge amount on their gas costs.

Demerits of gasoline credit cards are less as compared to other types of cards. Important thing you need to keep in mind is the payment of refunds and the refund limits. Most of the times, these refunds come in form other than currency.

The most popular is the gasoline gift card, which gas card holders acquire when they purchase enough gas. There is however, a major drawback when credit cards put low limits on refunds. Gasoline credit card is no better than any other card, when the cardholder arrives at the refund limit. Take your time when it comes to apply, patience will always pay off when it comes to applying for a card.



GREG

rruloyal asked:


Like if I pay $ 3.00 dolars for a gallon of gasoline how much of that is just the tax?

ANDY

Dream I asked:


Does it explode or get higher?

I’m trying to describe how I feel about something and want to make sure that if you pour gasoline in a fire it explodes, getting higher or something. If not gotta find another metaphor.

GERARDO

Tom Tessin asked:


Are you currently a business owner and you’re fed up with paying the ridiculously high gas prices? I’m sure all of you have said yes to this answer and if you said no, well, I don’t know what to say about that one. Businesses can be successful and some can just be the worst idea ever. Regardless if your business is profitable or it’s losing money, you want to find ways to save money in every aspect. Today, I’m going to show you how you can save on gas at your business.

If you business consists of a fleet of a thousand vehicles or just one, I’m sure you have to fill up the car every once in a while. Instead of paying full price, there are ways to save up to ten percent! I know it sounds too good to be true but it really isn’t. The way to save is by applying for a business gas credit card. If you’re not familiar with this type of card, I’ll explain to you how it works.

A gas credit card is just like any other card on the market. You simply pay at the pump with your card and depending on how the card works, you’ll either get your rebate back on your statement or sometimes you may get it back in gift cards, it all depends on the company and what gas station you go through.

Most cards on the market today will allow you to save up to ten percent per gallon. This is a lot seeing that gas is at four dollars a gallon, that’s a forty cent per gallon savings. It adds up really quick. When you do apply for a card for your business, you will want to look out for a few things when it comes to the application process. You will quickly find out that there are cards out there designed for every gas station and there are cards designed solely for one gas station. Many have found that the card for one gas station is generally better because it offers better rebate rates. Make sure that you do your research before you just apply for the first card you see, it can cost you in the long run.

In order to maximize the most savings for your business, you’re going to want to make sure that you treat this card like any other credit card out there. You’ll want to pay it off in full each month so that you can avoid the interest rates. If you can do this, you will have an interest free loan. If you don’t think you’re capable of doing this, you may want to avoid getting a card altogether.

A gas card can really save you a lot of money if you use them right and especially if you have a big fleet of vehicles. Remember that every penny counts in the long run. Simply do some research and ask other business owners what they use and go from there.



DELMAR

Dr.Badruddin Khan asked:


At first glance, the term “organic chemistry” might sound like something removed from our everyday life, but this will be further from the truth. The reality of the role played by organic chemistry in modern existence is summed up in a famous advertising slogan used by E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (usually referred to as “du Pont”): “Better Things for Better Living Through Chemistry.” Often rendered simply as “Better Living through Chemistry,” the advertising campaign made its debut in 1938, just as du Pont introduced a revolutionary product of organic chemistry: nylon, the creation of a brilliant young chemist named Wallace Carothers. Nylon, a polymer, started a revolution in plastics that is still unfolding many decades later. Though plastics were the wave of the future, du Pont’s phrase eventually was perceived as ironic in view of concerns about the environment and the many artificial products that make up modern life. Responding to this ambivalence, du Pont dropped the slogan in the late 1970s; yet the reality is that people truly do enjoy “better living through chemistry”, particularly organic chemistry.

People generally ask ‘What would the world be like without the fruits of organic chemistry? First, it would be necessary to take away all the various forms of rubber, vitamins, cloth, and paper made from organically based compounds. Aspirins and all types of other drugs; preservatives that keep food from spoiling; perfumes and toiletries; dyes and flavorings—all these things would have to go as well.

Synthetic fibers such as nylon—used in everything from toothbrushes to parachutes—would be out of the picture if it were not for the enormous progress made by organic chemistry. The same is true of plastics or polymers in general, which have literally hundreds upon hundreds of applications. Indeed, it is virtually impossible for a person in twenty-first century to spend an entire day without coming into contact with at least one, and more likely dozens, of plastic products. Car parts, toys, computer housings, Velcro fasteners, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plumbing pipes, and many more fixtures of modern life are all made possible by plastics and polymers.

Then there is the vast array of petrochemicals that power modern civilization. Best-known among these is gasoline, but there is also coal, still one of the most significant fuels used in electrical power plants, as well as natural gas and various other forms of oil used either directly or indirectly in providing heat, light, and electric power to homes. But the influence of petrochemicals extends far beyond their applications for fuel. For instance, the roofing materials and tar that (quite literally) keep a roof over people’s heads, protecting them from sun and rain, are the product of petrochemicals—and ultimately, of organic chemistry.

Carbon, together with other elements, forms so many millions of organic compounds that even introductory textbooks on organic chemistry consist of many hundreds of pages. Fortunately, it is possible to classify broad groupings of organic compounds. The largest and most significant is that class of organic compounds known as hydrocarbons, chemical compounds whose molecules are made up of nothing but carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Every molecule in a hydrocarbon is built upon a “skeleton” composed of carbon atoms, either in closed rings or in long chains. The chains may be straight or branched, but in each case, rings or chains, straight chains or branched ones, the carbon bonds not used in tying the carbon atoms together are taken up by hydrogen atoms. Theoretically, there is no limit to the number of possible hydrocarbons. Not only does carbon forms itself into apparently limitless molecular shapes, but hydrogen is a particularly good partner of it. As it has the smallest atom of any element on the periodic table, it can bond to one of carbon’s valence electrons without getting in the way of the other three. There are two basic varieties of hydrocarbon, distinguished by shape: aliphatic and aromatic. The first of these forms straight or branched chains, as well as rings, while the second forms only benzene rings. Within the aliphatic hydrocarbons are three varieties: those that form single bonds (alkanes), double bonds (alkenes), and triple bonds (alkynes.)

The alkanes are also known as saturated hydrocarbons, because all the bonds not used to make the skeleton itself are filled to their capacity (that is, saturated) with hydrogen atoms. The formula for any alkane is CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms. In the case of a linear, unbranched alkane, every carbon atom has two hydrogen atoms attached, but the two end carbon atoms each have extra hydrogen.  The names and formulas for the first eight normal, or unbranched, alkanes are: Methane (CH4), Ethane (C2H6), Propane (C3H8), Butane (C4H10), Pentane (C5H12), Hexane (C6H14), Heptane (C7H16) and Octane (C8H18). Here we may note that the first four of these received common names before their structures were known; from C5 onward, however, they were given names with Greek roots indicating the number of carbon atoms (e.g., octane, a reference to “eight.”)

The first four, being the lowest in molecular mass, are gases at room temperature, while the heavier ones are oily liquids. Alkanes even heavier than those on this list tend to be waxy solids, an example being paraffin wax, for making candles. It should be noted that from butane on up, the alkanes have numerous structural isomers, depending on whether they are straight or branched, and these isomers have differing chemical properties. Branched alkanes are named by indicating the branch attached to the principal chain. Branches, known as substituents, are named by taking the name of an alkane and replacing the suffix with yl, for example, methyl, ethyl, and so on. The general term for an alkane which functions as a substituent is alkyl. Cycloalkanes are alkanes joined in a closed loop to form a ring-shaped molecule. They are named by using the names above, with cyclo-as a prefix. These start with propane, or rather cyclopropane, which has the minimum number of carbon atoms to form a closed shape: three atoms, forming a triangle.

The names of the alkenes, hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds per molecule, are parallel to those of the alkanes, but the family ending is-ene. Likewise they have a common formula: CnH2n. Both alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated, in other words, some of the carbon atoms in them are free to form other bonds. Alkenes with more than one double bond are referred to as being polyunsaturated. As with the alkenes, the names of alkynes (hydrocarbons containing one or more triple bonds per molecule) are parallel to those of the alkanes, only with the replacement of the suffix -yne in place of-ane. The formula for alkenes is CnH2n-2. Among the members of this group are acetylene, or C2H2, used for welding steel. Plastic polystyrene is another important product from this division of the hydrocarbon family.

Aromatic hydrocarbons, despite their name, do not necessarily have distinctive smells. In fact the name is a traditional one, and today these compounds are defined by the fact that they have benzene rings in the middle. Benzene has a formula C6H6, and a benzene ring is usually represented as a hexagon (the six carbon atoms and their attached hydrogen atoms) surrounding a circle, which represents all the bonding electrons as though they were everywhere in the molecule at once. In this group are products such as naphthalene, toluene, and dimethyl benzene. These last two are used as solvents, as well as in the synthesis of drugs, dyes, and plastics. One of the more famous (or infamous) products in this part of the vast hydrocarbon network is trinitrotoluene, or TNT. Naphthalene is derived from coal tar, and used in the synthesis of other compounds. A crystalline solid with a powerful odor, it is found in mothballs and various deodorant-disinfectants.

Petro-chemicals are simply derivatives of petroleum that is itself a mixture of alkanes with some alkenes, as well as aromatic hydrocarbons. Through a process known as fractional distillation, the petrochemicals of the lowest molecular mass boil off first, and those having higher mass separate at higher temperatures. Among the products derived from the fractional distillation of petroleum listed from the lowest temperature range (that is, the first material to be separated) to the highest: natural gas are: petroleum ether, a solvent; naphtha, a solvent (used for example in paint thinner); gasoline; kerosene; fuel for heating and diesel fuel; lubricating oils; petroleum jelly; paraffin wax; and pitch, or tar. A host of other organic chemicals, including various drugs, plastics, paints, adhesives, fibers, detergents, synthetic rubber, and agricultural chemicals, owe their existence to petrochemicals.

Obviously, petroleum is not just for making gasoline, though of course this is the first product people think of when they hear the word “petroleum.” Not all hydrocarbons in gasoline are desirable. Straight-chain or normal heptane, for instance, does not fire smoothly in an internal-combustion engine, and therefore disrupts the engine’s rhythm. For this reason, it is given a rating of zero on a scale of desirability, while octane has a rating of 100. This is why gas stations list octane ratings at the pump: the higher the presence of octane, the better the gas is for one’s automobile.

With carbon and hydrogen as the backbone, the hydrocarbons are capable of forming a vast array of hydrocarbon derivatives by combining with other elements. These other elements are arranged in functional groups, an atom or group of atoms whose presence identifies a specific family of compounds. Her we may briefly discuss some of the principal hydrocarbon derivatives, which are basically hydrocarbons with the addition of other molecules or single atoms.

Alcohols are oxygen-hydrogen molecules wedded to hydrocarbons. The two most important commercial types of alcohol are methanol, or wood alcohol; and ethanol, which is found in alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, and liquor. Though methanol is still known as “wood alcohol,” it is no longer obtained by heating wood, but rather by the industrial hydrogenation of carbon monoxide. Used in adhesives, fibers, and plastics, it can also be applied as a fuel. Ethanol, too, can be burned in an internal-combustion engine, when combined with gasoline to make gasohol. Another significant alcohol is cholesterol, found in most living organisms. Though biochemically important, cholesterol can pose a risk to human health.

Aldehydes and ketones both involve a double-bonded carbon-oxygen molecule, known as a carbonyl group. In a ketone, the carbonyl group bonds to two hydrocarbons, while in an aldehyde, the carbonyl group is always at the end of a hydrocarbon chain. Therefore, instead of two hydrocarbons, there is always a hydrocarbon and at least one other hydrogen bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl. One prominent example of a ketone is acetone, used in nail polish remover. Aldehydes often appear in nature, for instance, as vanillin, which gives vanilla beans their pleasing aroma. The ketones, carvone and camphor impart the characteristic flavors of spearmint leaves and caraway seeds.

Carboxylic acids all have in common what is known as a carboxyl group, designated by the symbol -COOH. This consists of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom, and a single bond to another oxygen atom that is, in turn, wedded to a hydrogen. All carboxylic acids can be generally symbolized by RCOOH, with R as the standard designation of any hydrocarbon. Lactic acid, generated by the human body, is a carboxylic acid: when a person overexerts, the muscles generate lactic acid, resulting in a feeling of fatigue until the body converts the acid to water and carbon dioxide. Another example of a carboxylic acid is butyric acid, responsible in part for the smells of rancid butter and human sweat.

When a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol, it forms an ester. An ester has a structure similar to that described for a carboxylic acid, with a few key differences. In addition to its bonds (one double, one single) with the oxygen atoms, the carbon atom is also attached to a hydrocarbon, which comes from the carboxylic acid. Furthermore, the single-bonded oxygen atom is attached not to a hydrogen atom, but to a second hydrocarbon, this one from the alcohol. One well-known ester is acetylsalicylic acid, better known as aspirin. Esters, which are a key factor in the aroma of various types of fruit, are often noted for their pleasant smell.

Polymers are long, stringy molecules made of smaller molecules called monomers. They appear in nature, but thanks to Carothers, a tragic figure, who committed ******* a year before Nylon made its public debut, as well as other scientists and inventors, synthetic polymers are a fundamental part of daily life. The structure of even the simplest polymer, polyethylene, is far too complicated to discuss in ordinary language, but must be represented by chemical symbolism. Indeed, polymers are a subject unto themselves, but it is worth noting here just how many products used today involve polymers in some form or another.

Polyethylene, for instance, is the plastic used in garbage bags, electrical insulation, bottles, and a host of other applications. A variation on polyethylene is Teflon, used not only in nonstick cookware, but also in a number of other devices, such as bearings for low-temperature use. Polymers of various kinds are found in siding for houses, tire tread, toys, carpets and fabrics, and a variety of other products far too lengthy to enumerate.

 



DION

Brendan R asked:


My family and I are taking a short family trip to Guadalajara, Mexico- and we were told we have to bring extra gas, because filling stations aren’t always close enough to make it between on a single tank. What is the safest way to store about 10 gallons of gasoline inside the car?

Thanks

DAMIAN

Beverly Saltonstall asked:


The summer of 2008 saw the highest prices for gasoline the United States had ever seen. The prices have settled down a bit but they are expected to rise again. This isn’t exactly the fault of the consumer. If you trace the reason why gasoline prices have risen at the pumps, you can easily go back to two historic events; the attack on the World Trade Center and the United States invasion of Iraq.

It was thought that with Saddam Hussein no longer in power, the price of gasoline would plunge. The fact is that oil markets are an extremely volatile commodity, linked to the supposed volatility in supplies and the oil-producing nations.

Trying to keep a family on a budget with these wildly fluctuating gasoline prices is difficult at best. The good news is that there are ways to shield you from the rising costs of gasoline. Here are some tips to help you save money on gasoline.

Minimize the use of your car

Keeping your car for long trips is the best way to save money. When possible, travel by foot, bicycle or bus if traveling short distances. This method will not only help you save money and gas, but it will certainly be of benefit to your health. Long walk are proven to improve your cardiovascular system and will improve your overall physical and mental health.

Taking a bus or train can, in many circumstances, be cheaper than driving and paying for gas, tolls and parking fees.

Setting a good example for your children will go a long way to teach your kids to rely less on the family car. Teaching them to commute will foster independence and make them more familiar with the areas where you live. This will allow them to travel where they need to go without always having your presence when they need to go somewhere.

Regular maintenance of the car

Just as you should routinely visit the doctor, your car should also be checked every few months. The efficiency of a car drops considerably when it is not running at optimum performance.

Basic maintenance that is easily done by the driver should be to check the tire pressure, the oil level and the water/antifreeze in the cooling system. When your car struggles to accelerate, especially on flat roads, or you are having an overheating problem, chances are your car is in poor condition.

Use fuel-efficient cars

In past years, the fuel economy of a car was not the primary consideration when purchasing a car. The proliferation of gasoline hogging SUV’s and monster trucks can attest to that. Now times are changing and efficiency is the name of the game. Gas hogging behemoths’ are losing fashion and people who drive them are being looked down upon.

When considering the purchase of a car, fuel efficiency should be your primary concern. Many cars give outstanding fuel economy. Several companies produce hybrid vehicles, but these cars are still in the experimental stage and are more expensive that their gasoline powered competitors.

Ideally, the car that you use daily should give you outstanding mileage in terms of your miles per gallon. You can consider a hybrid, but this technology is still in the developmental stage, and the cars are considerably more costly than gas-powered vehicles. The rush is on to produce more hybrid vehicles and more and more options will be available to the consumer.



ARNULFO

Tom Tessin asked:


You need to save on your gas consumption in order to make your budget go farther and your vehicle to take you to all the places that you need to go. The way you drive your vehicle is very important in saving on your gas consumption. You need to be aware of the proper techniques in driving your vehicle both in the city and on the highway. Many of us are older experienced drivers or we are younger drivers who have finished a course in drivers training and we believe that we know how to handle our vehicle in order to get the best mileage.

We are not trying to teach you how to drive your vehicle but we are trying to give you some tips that will enhance your driving ability to save on gas consumption. First you need to be aware of what your vehicle can do when you have it on the open highway in order to know how to save on gas consumption. When you are driving a pick-up truck with an empty bed the air will push against the tailgate causing your engine to burn more gas from this experience. It is vital that you put a covering over the truck bed to prevent the over usage of gas. You need to be made aware of the factor of speeding up your vehicle and then slowing down on the highway only causes you to use a large amount of gasoline. You need to use cruise control in order to keep the speed constant which will save on your gas consumption on highway driving. Some of the tips are simple enough to do and perhaps forgotten over the years that is why we are just refreshing your memory.

It is always best to car pool when you are driving in the city in order to save on gasoline consumption. Many people are now using public transportation like the city bus in order to save on gas consumption. It is wise if you can possibly do this but in many cases it may not fit in with your work schedule. You need to do your own driving in order to get to work on time, pick up your children and perhaps even get some much needed shopping done. This is fine but remembers some simple steps will help you save on your gas consumption. When you are caught in a line of traffic shut your motor off in order to save on gasoline. You can also walk inside of a restaurant or bank instead of setting in a long line of traffic keeping your motor idling will only burn more gasoline. These few tips we hope will help you save on your vehicles gas consumption.

By now, you probably have a good idea on how to save gas. The driver themselves is responsible when it comes to saving on gas. If you can change your own driving habits, you can see your gasoline bill go down.



RICHARD